6 Economic sectors of relevance to Belgium
Where can the laws, guidelines and initiatives for the different economic sectors be found?
This page contains two types of sources. Firstly, sources explicitly mentioned on the previous pages (“what?”, “why?” and “how?”), with their corresponding hyperlinks for further consultation, are arranged by the institution that released. Secondly, there is a bibliography of sources consulted to draft the tool, which can be useful for further inquiry about the topic.
Construction
- International Labour Organisation (ILO)
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Forced Labour Convention (n° 29) 1930
Equal Remuneration Convention (n° 100) 1951
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (n° 105) 1957
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention (n° 111) 1958
Minimum Age Convention (n° 138) 1973
Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Convention (n° 148) 1977
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (n° 182) 1999
Occupational Safety and Health Convention (n° 155) 1981
Occupational Health Services Convention (No. 161) 1985
Asbestos Convention (n° 162) 1986
Safety and Health in Construction Convention (n° 167) 1988
Chemicals Convention (n° 170) 1990
Safety and health in construction 1992
Safety in the use of synthetic vitreous fibre insulation wools (glass wool, rock wool, slag wool) 2001
Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention (n° 187) 2006
Convention (n° 115) concerning the Protection of Workers against Ionising Radiations, 1960
Convention (n° 139) concerning Prevention and Control of Occupational Hazards caused by Carcinogenic Substances and Agents, 1974
Convention (n° 121) concerning Benefits in the Case of Employment Injury, 1964
- European Union (EU)
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- Regulations
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EU Regulation 66/2010 on the EU Ecolabel
EU Regulation 305/2011 on Construction Products
EU Regulation 2017/1369 setting a framework for energy labelling and repealing Directive 2010/30/EU
- Directives
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Directive 89/391/EEC on occupational safety and health
Directive 90/269/EEC on manual handling of loads
Directive 92/57/EEC on temporary or mobile construction sites
Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications
Directive 2006/123/EC on services in the internal market
Directive 2008/98/EC on a waste framework
Directive 2009/148/EC on exposure to asbestos at work
Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources
Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings
Directive 2011/7/EU on combating late payment in commercial transactions
- Tools and guidelines
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Dangerous substances database CP-DS
Guidelines for the waste audits before demolition and renovation works of buildings 2018
Construction and Demolition Waste Management Protocol 2016
- Belgium
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- Laws
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- Law from 10 August 2005 on the fight against trafficking in and smuggling of human beings and against the practices of slumlords (NL) (FR)
- Law from 18 September 2017 to prevent money laundering, the financing of terrorism and to limit the use of cash (NL) (FR)
- Law from 16 March 1971 on the prohibition of child labour (NL) (FR)
- Law from 4 August 1996 on the well-being of employees in the performance of their work (NL) (FR)
- Codex from 28 April 2017 about well-being at work (NL) (FR)
- Law from 5 March 2002 on labor-, wage- and employment conditions in the case of secondment in Belgium (NL) (FR)
- Law from 24 July 1987 concerning temporary work, temporary employment and the provision of employees for the benefit of users (NL) (FR)
- Law from 30 April 1999 concerning the employment of foreign employees (NL) (FR)
- Law from 11 February 2013 establishing sanctions and measures for employers of illegal immigrants (NL) (FR)
- Guidelines
- Industry initiatives
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Charter of the Confederation against social dumping and secondment fraude 2016
- References
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EU Commission Study on construction and demolition waste recycling infrastructure (2018)
EU Commission Study on waste assessment prior to demolition/renovation (2017)
Klee, Lukas (2015) International Construction Contract Law (2015), Wiley Blackwell
CIB (International Council for Building) Safety and Health in Construction Research Roadmap - Report for Consultation (2013)
Metals and Minerals
- International Labour Organisation (ILO)
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Code of Practice Safety and health in underground coalmines 2009
Safety and Health in Mines Convention 1995
Safety and Health in Mines Recommendation 1995
Code of Practice Safety and health in opencast mines 1991, revised in 2018
Code of practice Safety and health in coal mines 1986
Handbook Safety and health in small-scale surface mines 2001
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
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Responsible Supply Chains in Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining 2016
Due Diligence Guidance for Meaningful Stakeholder Engagement in the Extractive Sector 2017
- European Union
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EU Regulation 2017/821 on supply chain due diligence obligations for Union importers of tin, tantalum and tungsten, their ores, and gold
- Regulatory framework in other countries
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United States Dodd Frank Act Section 1502, Conflict Minerals
- Industry initiatives
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10 International Council on Mining and Minerals Principles
Responsible Business Alliance Code of Conduct 2018
Responsible Minerals Assurance Process
LBMA Responsible Gold, Silver, Platinum and Palladium Guidances
- Certification schemes
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IRMA Standard for responsible mining 2018
World Gold Council Conflict-Free Gold Standard 2012
Fairtrade Standards 2013
Fairmined Standard 2014
RJC Chain of Custody Standard 2017
RMI-RMAP Conflict Minerals Reporting Template
ASI Code of Conduct Standard 2017
Bettercoal Code 2018
ICGLR Model Law RINR 2012 - Prevention and Suppression of the Illegal Exploitation of Minerals in the Great Lakes Region
Kimberley Process Certificate Scheme Core Document 2016
World Diamond Council System of Warranties 2018
WDC System of Warrenties, Non-binding principles of self-regulation 2015
- References
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Young, S.B., Zhe, Y., Dias, G. (2014) Prospects for sustainability certification of metals, Metallurgical Research and Technology.
Capacity building for a Responsible minerals trade (CBRMT) (2016). The regional certification mechanism of the International Conference of the Great Lakes: evaluation and recommendations.
EU Commission Recommendation 2018/1149 Non-binding guidelines on the identification of CAHRAs under the EU Conflict Minerals Regulation
BGR (2017) Sustainability schemes for mineral resources: a comparative overview
Arms trade
- United Nations (UN)
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Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction (1997) (EN) (FR)
Convention on Cluster Munitions (2008) (EN) (FR)
Arms Trade Treaty (2013) (EN) (FR)
Resolutions arms embargo’s:
- Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
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ECOWAS Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons, Their Ammunition and Other Related Materials (2006)
- European Union (EU)
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European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
Common Position 2008/944/CFSP 2008
Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union 2007
EU Arms embargo’s (latest update 4 August 2017): Afghanistan (Taliban); Al Qaeda and ISIL; Belarus; Central African Republic; China; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Iran; Libya; Myanmar; Russia; South Sudan; Sudan; Somalia; Syria; Venezuela; Zimbabwe.
Common Military List of the European Union (latest version adopted by the Council on 26 February 2018).
- Belgium
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(Federal) Law of 18 September 2017 (NL) (FR)
(Federal) Law of 12 August 2003 (NL) (FR)
(Federal) Law of 8 June 2006 (NL) (FR)
Royal Decree of 8 March 1993 (NL) (FR)
(Federal) Law of 5 August 1991 (NL) (FR)
(Flemish) Decree of 30 June 2017 (NL) (FR)
(Flemish) Decree of 20 July 2012 (NL) (FR)
(Flemish) Decree of 15 June 2012 (Arms Trade Decree) (NL) (FR)
(Walloon) Order of 23 May 2013 (“certification”) (NL) (FR)
(Walloon) Order of 23 May 2013 (“licences de transfert”) (NL) (FR)
(Walloon) Decree of 21 June 2012 (NL) (FR)
- References
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- Casey-Maslen, S., Clapham, A., Giacca, G., Parker, S. (Eds.) (2016). The Arms Trade Treaty. A Commentary. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Da Silva, C., Wood, B. (eds.) (2015). Weapons and International Law: The Arms Trade Treaty. Brussels: Larcier.
- Nijs, T. (2015). De controle op de Vlaamse internationale wapenhandel. Actoren, regels, hete hangijzers en uitdagingen. Heule: INNI Publishers.
- United Nations (ed.) (2006). Developing a Mechanism to Prevent Illicit Brokering in Small Arms and Light Weapons. Scope and Implications. Geneva: United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research.
Pharmaceutical sector
- United Nations (UN)
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Hard Law
The Convention on Biological Diversity (the CBD)
The Nagoya Protocol (in force since 2014)
Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) (2001)
Soft law
The Human Rights Guidelines for Pharmaceutical Companies in relation to Access to Medicines (2008)
UN Global Compact: Human Rights, Access to Medicines, and the Pharmaceutical Industry (2011)
TRIPS, intellectual property rights and access to medicines (2017)
- World Trade Organisation (WTO)
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Hard law
The WTO Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (1995)
Soft law
The Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health (2001)
- Council of Europe (CoE)
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The CoE Convention on the Elaboration of a European Pharmacopoeia European Treaty Series (ETS), No. 50, 1964.
The Protocol to the Convention on the Elaboration of a European Pharmacopoeia, European Treaty Series (ETS), No. 134, 1989
- European Union (EU)
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Hard Law
Directive 2003/63/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use
Regulation (EU) No 511/2014 on compliance measures for users from the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization in the Union.
Soft law
The European Medicines Agency code of conduct (2016)
Appendix to the European Medicines Agency Code of Conduct (2016)
- Belgium
- Non-state initiatives
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The World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki – Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. (Last revision of 2013)
SOMO Putting Contract Research Organisations on the Radar (2011)
SOMO Protection of Clinical Trial Participants in Countries Outside the EU (2011)
Transport
- United Nations
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- All transport
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UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Model Regulations
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
- Air
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Convention on International Civil Aviation 1944
Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
- Water
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UN Convention on Law of the Sea
Index of International Maritime Organization Resolutions (FR)
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 1973
- International Labour Organisation (ILO)
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- Water
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Hard law
- Dock Work Convention, 1973
- Occupational Safety and Health (Dock Work) Convention, 1979
- Maritime Labour Convention, 2006
- Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1976 (No. 147) - and its Protocol of 1996 (EN)
- Merchant Shipping (Improvement of Standards) Recommendation, 1976 (No. 155) (EN)
- Protection of Young Seafarers Recommendation, 1976 (No. 153) (EN)
- Access to employment: Recruitment and Placement of Seafarers Convention, 1996 (No. 179) – [ratifications] (EN)
- Seafarers' Hours of Work and the Manning of Ships Convention, 1996 (No. 180) (EN)
- Repatriation of Seafarers Convention (Revised), 1987 (No. 166) (EN)
- Seafarers' Annual Leave with Pay Convention, 1976 (No. 146) (EN)
- Health Protection and Medical Care (Seafarers) Convention, 1987 (No. 164) (EN)
- Seafarers' Welfare Convention, 1987 (No. 163) (EN)
- Security of employment: Continuity of Employment (Seafarers) Convention, 1976 (No. 145) (EN)
- Social security: Social Security (Seafarers) Convention (Revised), 1987 (No. 165) (EN)
Soft law
- Safety and Health in Ports (2016) (EN)
- Code of practice on safety and health in shipbuilding and ship repair (2018)
- Guidelines on flag State inspection of working and living conditions on board fishing vessels (2017) (EN)
- Guidelines for implementing the occupational safety and health provisions of the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 (EN)
- Security in ports (2004) (EN)
- Safety and health in ports (2003) (EN)
- European Union
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- Land
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Directive 2002/15/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2002 on the organisation of the working time of persons performing mobile road transport activities (EN)
Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 March 2006 on the harmonisation of certain social legislation relating to road transport and amending Council Regulations (EEC) No 3821/85 and (EC) No 2135/98 and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85 (EN)
Regulation (EU) No 181/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 concerning the rights of passengers in bus and coach transport and amending Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 (EN)
Directive 2008/68/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 September 2008 on the inland transport of dangerous goods (EN)
European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (2017 version)
- Internal waters
European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways (2017 version)
Council Directive 2014/112/EU of 19 December 2014 implementing the European Agreement concerning certain aspects of the organisation of working time in inland waterway transport (EN)
- Water
- Air
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Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EN)
Regulation (EU) 748/2012 of 3 August 2012 laying down implementing rules for the airworthiness and environmental certification of aircraft and related products, parts and appliances, as well as for the certification of design and production organisations (EN)
Regulation (EU) 2015/640 Easy access rules for additional airworthiness specifications
Regulation (EU) 1321/2014 of 26 November 2014 Easy access rules for continuing airworthiness
Regulation (EU) 965/2012 of 5 October 2012 laying down technical requirements and administrative procedures related to air operations pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (EN)
Regulation (EU) 452/2014 of 29 April 2014 laying down technical requirements and administrative procedures related to air operations of third country operators pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (EN)
Regulation (EC) 300/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation security and repealing Regulation (EC) No 2320/2002 (EN)
Regulation (EC) 272/2009 of 2 April 2009 supplementing the common basic standards on civil aviation security laid down in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 300/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (EN)
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/1998 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/1998 of 5 November 2015 laying down detailed measures for the implementation of the common basic standards on aviation security (EN)
Regulation (EC) 261/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 February 2004 establishing common rules on compensation and assistance to passengers in the event of denied boarding and of cancellation or long delay of flights, and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 295/91 (EN)
Interpretative Guidelines on Regulation (EC) 261/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing common rules on compensation and assistance to passengers in the event of denied boarding and of cancellation or long delay of flights and on Council Regulation (EC) No 2027/97 on air carrier liability in the event of accidents as amended by Regulation (EC) No 889/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council (EN)
Regulation (EC) 2027/97 of the Council of 9 October 1997 on air carrier liability in respect of the carriage of passengers and their baggage by air (EN) (FR)
- Other
- Belgium
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- Land
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Law on the carriage of goods by road and implementing Regulation (EC) No 1071/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing common rules concerning the conditions to be fulfilled in order to exercise the occupation of road transport operator and repealing Council Directive 96/26 / EC and implementing Regulation (EC) No 1072/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing common rules for access to the market for international road freight transport (2013) (NL)(FR)
Royal Decree of 31 July 2009 regulating the transport of dangerous goods on inland waterways (NL) (FR)
Royal Decree of 12 July 2016 regulating the transport of exploding substances by road or rail (NL)(FR)
Royal Decree of 22 October 2017 regulating the transport of dangerous goods of classification 7 (NL) (FR)
Royal Decree of 2 November 2017 regulating the transport of dangerous goods by rail, with exception of exploding and radioactive substances (NL) (FR)
- Air
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Law of 27 June 1937 revising the law of 16 November 1919 concerning the regulation of aerial navigation (NL) (FR)
Royal Decree of 15 March 1954 to regulate aerial navigation (NL) (FR)
Royal Decree of 18 November 2005 regulating the air transport of dangerous goods (NL) (FR)
Royal Decree of 18 July implementing the law of 25 December 2016 concerning the processing of passenger data, containing the obligations imposed on the airlines (NL) (FR)
Convention for the Unification of certain rules relating to international carriage by air (1929) (NL) (FR)
- Water
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Law of 13 June 2014 implementing and monitoring the application of the Maritime Labour Convention 2006 (I) (NL) (FR)
Law of 5 June 1972 on the safety of maritime vessels (NL) (FR)
Decree-law of 7 February 1945 concerning the social safety of seafarers in the merchant navy regulates the social security of seafarers (NL) (FR)
- Industry initiatives
